General concept of Human Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

General idea of Human Rights - Essay Example Both the European Convention on Human Rights and the Human Rights Act 1998 have as subjects human rights and central opportunities. Human rights and opportunities are important and essential segments of man's presence. It isn't in this way an exaggeration on the off chance that one says that on the off chance that he can't have freedom, he will better have demise. An existence without opportunity or existence without human rights isn't life in any way. History is loaded with stories against concealment of human rights and basic opportunities. Subsequently, we have the tale of the Israelites escaping in mass migration in the conviction of enjoying opportunity at long last. We have the Tiananmen Square. We have the destruction of the Apartheid. Servitude has become a relic of times gone by. Subjugation should consistently be willful. The idea of constrained work had since a long time ago evaporated in totally cultivated nations. Article 1 of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights accurately focuses on the attestation that every single person are brought into the world free. All the individuals of the world are equivalent in nobility and rights. Blessed with reason and still, small voice, men should act towards one and the different as siblings. Before advancing the contentions and conversations which individually relate to the two rule mainstays of human rights and principal opportunities, it is coherent, essential and exceptionally prudent that the basic premises are first set down. This system will lead one and all to have a superior comprehension of the essential things that offered ascend to these authentic institutions. In 1950,1 through the activities of the Council of Europe, the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms was embraced with the end taking into account offering security to human rights and basic opportunities in Europe. It is likewise called the European Convention on Human Rights, alluded to here as the Convention for quickness. The United Kingdom is a part state. As an important component and supplement so as to set up the requirement systems of the Convention, the European Commission on Human Rights was made in 1954. This advanced into the European Court of Human Rights starting 1959. The last was set up as a perpetual council on November 1, 1998 with undeniable appointed authorities. It has its structure and workplaces at Strasbourg, France.2 The Convention is successful in all states or regions which are individuals thereof or signatories thereto. The Convention along these lines has a global inclusion or purview over those sways and the individual residents or occupants thereof to the extent concerning human rights and crucial opportunities. States who are individuals from or signatories to the Convention need to go in accordance with the strategies that it creates and advances. On account of the convention on capital punishment, for example, every part or signatory state needs to nullify the capital punishment.3 Upon the other hand, the Human Rights Act 1998 is a law passed by the United Kingdom (UK) lawmaking body in 1998. What is it about The prefatory of this enactment says, among others, that it is a demonstration to give further impact to the rights and opportunities set out in the Convention. Isn't the Human Rights Act 1998 (or Act for short) a duplication of the Convention or an infringement upon the last Definitely, it

Fighting a War :: Personal Narrative Papers

Battling a War I have never been to war. I trust I'll never go. There is nothing that I put stock in enough to forfeit my life. These should be long periods of optimism and youth, and I am honored. I can't give it a second thought. I can't battle. The main engaging easily overlooked detail about viciousness is the potential for gallantry, and I question I'll ever be a saint or spare a guiltless life from a consuming structure, stop a runaway train like such a significant number of awful motion pictures. I can't see myself triumphing over this world. I can see myself move out of the channel and respectably get cut somewhere around the projectiles of a gattling weapon. I let fly a bolt from my longbow. In the cockpit of a military aircraft, props spinning, I barrage Japanese ships and evade countless Zeros. On a dusty slope I figure the direction of a cannons shell and re-check my math. I sneak through a dim wilderness and mix in with the foliage, covering my musings, a shadow in the midst of all the life. I can just observe myself in war motion pictures, not in real wars. I have never been in a legitimate to-god slaughter or be murdered full on rough battle, significantly less a broadly supported war. Never guarded my life or my respect, or somebody else's; yet I have taken and tragically beat the hell out of. The nearest I have ever been to war is a controlled conflict with a companion, a fistfight for entertainment only. No indignation. Once, at his twenty-first birthday celebration gathering, Frank and I abandoned meek lives and started to battle. Neither of us was conceived in Idaho. We never grew up together yet we've both invested some energy there. Our families moved, his east mine west, Hong Kong and Connecticut, so we're there for the late spring and the winter. We know a portion of similar individuals, similar to the Peruvians and Adam Pracna and Jason Spicer, yet we're three years excessively far separated. I'm more youthful, and we never hung out. We have shared companions and we've eaten at no different spots. Humble community, relatively few spots. We've both driven out similar gulches in a pickup with mud and young ladies, same young ladies? Who knows? There's a barrel or two in the back kicking up dust up into everything and blurring up the sky, and we're tossing void glass bottles breaking at trees and shadows and creatures as we drive and sing.

We Treat You Nicely

We Treat You Nicely Dont forget to vote for me in the 2008 Blogging Scholarship! And tell all your friends! You should come visit MIT! No, seriously, if youre considering MIT then you should come visit. I realize that depending on where you live, a visit to MIT can be expensive and a little time consuming, but there are very few ways to actually understand what MIT is like. One of those ways is to attend MIT. Another one of those ways is to visit. Normally visits only last for about a day so you will have to cram as much MIT into that day as possible, but thats kind of what MIT is like, right? Cramming a ton of stuff into a really short time period? I have two things that I want to throw at you today in this entry. The first involves some pictures I just took. I dont have my camera with me (I know, bad blogger) but I do have this fancy webcam on my new Macbook (yes, the new Macbook) and so I just used that. I dont know how to resize them yet (anybody got any good opensource or freeware for resizing? Other than Gimp?) so youll have to settle for a slightly larger picture than you may be used to. Anywho, I was wandering down the infinite corridor and my feet got tired and I wanted to sit down. There were some benches and chairs, but they didnt look very comfortable. Lucky for me, I work for the admissions office (before you ask what I do, remember what youre reading right now) so I know about secret (not so secret) admissions secrets. Mainly, the chairs in 10-100. 10-100 is the admissions reception center. This is where youll go first if you come for an overnight visit. When you walk in youll see something like this (minus the small boy perhaps): Youll say hi to the friendly receptionist and then sit down, in one of these: These chairs, apart from the student center chairs are the most comfortable chairs ever. Your first encounter with MIT will see you resting in the lap of luxury. This is good, because as a prefrosh, the next thing youll do is look to your right and see Killian Court, realize that youre sitting under the great dome, and want to have a panic attack about how awesome it is. This chair, in all of its overwhelming comfort, just may calm you enough to save your life. Ok, thing two: When to visit MIT. Maybe we should start with times to avoid visiting MIT. 1) Finals week, both fall and spring. 12/15-12/19 and 5/18-5/22. You should also avoid the week or two before these weeks because those are extremely busy. 2) January. January is different at MIT in that classes are optional and students dont have to be here. If you visit in January expect to see a lot of snow, people holed up in their dorms playing video games, wrapped in blankets, and not a lot of stereotypical MIT. 3) Thursday night. TONS of PSETs are due on Friday. If you come on a Thursday expect you host to be totally hosed and be working (tooling) all night, leaving you to your own devices. 4) Weekends. Sure, weekends are fun, and youll get to explore campus and Boston etc, but you wont get to go to classes and you wont get to see the hustle and bustle of MIT. Weekends are a special case, you want to experience the general case. When to come: 1) Days of the week: M,T,W,F. Students will always be busy here, but these days are probably the best to come. Note that on Friday there will more than likely be parties and not a lot of homework-doing in the evening, so you will probably get to experience the best of both worlds (classes and social life). Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednesdays are in the middle of the week so youre more likely to experience the drudge/grind of MIT, which really is important to see. Its critical to understand how students react to the work and pressure and there is never more work or pressure than right in the middle of the week. Again, avoid Thursday (too much work and pressure) but the other days are pretty good. Thats all I have for now. Please, current students, feel free to give your opinion on the best day to visit MIT. In fact, Ive set up a doodle. Dont worry about the numbers of the days, just look at the M-F. Click here to tell prefrosh when to visit Click here, prefrosh, to know when to visit Interactive blogging, I love it! Dont forget to leave your name and class year, like Snively 11 Remember, only upperclassmen should fill out the doodle. Prefrosh should just look at it. This means you 4chan!

Copyright Laws Essay - 949 Words

21 Things for Students -- Thing 7 -- Copyright Watch the introductory video here. Introduction Technology has brought about a potential crisis. It seems that a lot of artwork, literature, and music by our most creative authors, musicians, and artists have fallen into the hands of pirates. Our artists can no longer support themselves nor feel safe in creating new work. Their work is being shared all over the Internet as we speak. We need to put a stop to this. What would happen if your favorite musicians stopped writing and publishing their music? Do you want to listen to the music of your grandparents? Thats where this assignment comes in. For this Thing you will find out what we can do to make sure creative work remains under proper†¦show more content†¦Watch the one or more of the following videos on copyright, plagiarism and fair use, in addition to the Copyright Kids and Cyberbee resources. Then answer the following seven questions as you are viewing the videos. What is copyright? the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same How long does the copyright on an original work last? 70 years All works published in the United States before 1923 are in the public domain. Works published after 1922, but before 1978 are protected for 95 years from the date of publication. If the work was created, but not published, before 1978, the copyright lasts for the life of the author plus 70 years. What is the Fair Use Act? The Freedom and Innovation Revitalizing United States Entrepreneurship Act of 2007 (FAIR USE Act) was a proposed United States copyright law that would have amended Title 17 of the U.S. Code, including portions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) to promote innovation, to encourage the introduction of new technology, to enhance library preservation efforts, and to protect the fair use rights of consumers, and for other purposes. What is plagiarism? the practice of taking someone elses work or ideas and passing them off as ones own. What types of things can be copyrighted? What cannotShow MoreRelated Internet Copyright Laws Essay1383 Words   |  6 PagesInternet Copyright Laws A student comes home to his dorm at the University of Scranton after a rough day of classes. With the quick internet connection provided on the school’s network, the student makes a few clicks and logs into Morpheus, a program that enables music fans to download free music. Within a few minutes he is on his way to owning an unlimited amount of songs at no cost. Everything this student is doing is legal, right? Wrong. The downloaded music from the internet is copyrightedRead MoreContract Law and Music Copyright Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesCOURSEWORK FOR CONTRACT LAW (MUSIC*) *On what basis does the inclusion of samples of a recording made by *Pink Floyd constitute an infringement of copyright? In civil law regarding copyright, there are two types of infringement; primary and secondary. Primary is concerned with the unauthorised use of copyrighted works and secondary would involve the dealing or making commercial use of such infringing copies. In the music industry, an infringement of copyright often consists of an existing pieceRead MoreEssay On Copyright Laws1292 Words   |  6 Pages Copyright laws in regards to music should be repealed. The RIAA has misconstrued the perceived effects staring had on artist development and revenue, when in fact the perceived financial short-comings of downloading and peer-to-peer sharing are actually made up through concert-revenue and merchandise-revenue. It is important to take a look into the perceived effects done by the RIAA. The RIAA claim that file sharing reduces sales, with estimated displacement rates ranging from 3.5% for moviesRead MoreEssay The Copyright Law1076 Words   |  5 PagesThe Copyright Law Copyright is the exclusive right given by law for term of years to author, designer etc., or his assignee to print, publish or sell copies of his original work Copyright is a law that protects published and unpublished work that you can see, hear and touch, from being reproduced without prior consent from the creator of the work. Copyright law and copyright Read More Copyright Law in Canada Essay835 Words   |  4 Pages Canadas copyright law is one of our hardest laws to enforce. The reason the police have so much trouble enforcing this law, is due to technology. This law is very easy to break, and once broken, it is very hard to track down violators. So although some form of a copyright law is needed, the one we have has, too many holes to be effective. There are three main ways in which the copyright law is broken in everyday life. They is audio/video tape copying, plagiarism, and software piracy. The firstRead More Copyright Laws in India Essay3212 Words   |  13 PagesCopyright Laws in India This document is intended to give a brief overview of the patent and copyrights laws in India and a brief analysis on global issues related to these laws. India has progressed enormously in the field of technology and is ranked tenth in the pool of scientific and technical personnel in the world. There may be hundreds of economical, legal, ethical issues that might have global impact but discussing all of them here is almost impossible. Only the key issues are focusedRead MoreHow Not Follow Copyright Law : An Exploratory Essay On Copyright And Remix Culture1895 Words   |  8 PagesHow to Not Follow Copyright Law: An Exploratory Essay on Copyright and Remix Culture As time goes by, the rate at which art changes increases at a seemly exponential rate. Our culture has more ways than ever to publish and distribute the things we make, and with the rise of the internet we can reach any audience with a Wi-Fi connection. This digital hyper-connectivity has led many artists to create new forms of art, some of which have gone on to start trends and cultures. One of these cultures thatRead MoreCopyright Laws Should Be Abolished Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pages Copyright laws are laws that restrict users of certain information, such as literature works and computer programs, from distributing that information. They are based on the belief that those who discover information should have some control over who can use that information. The control is mostly intended to allow the discoverers to make money through distributing the knowledge only to those who pay them. However, such control is inherently inefficient and infringes on the rights of the usersRead MoreEssay Issues on Patent and Copyright Laws In China2391 Words   |  10 PagesIssues on Patent and Copyright Laws In China This site contains information on Chinas patent and copyright law. It goes on to discuss some ethical issues about Chinas lack of law enforcement on intellectual property protection. History of Patent System China’s patent system can be traced back to the late Qing Dynasty when China began signing international treaties. For example, on August 18, 1903, China and the United States agreed on a treaty on navigation and commerce. The treatyRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Research1469 Words   |  6 PagesResearch is essential in academic study to allow a person to build on their existing knowledge. There are numerous routes to research a subject, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. For this essay I am going to focus on four methods; internet, text books, television and professional journals. In modern society a common research tool used is the internet, one if its key advantages is its accessibility. Most people have access to the internet throughout the day and night; at home, on

John F. Kennedy s Work As A Politician - 2167 Words

On November 22, 1963, at 12:30 P.M. United States President John F. Kennedy and wife, Jacqueline Kennedy’s eleven mile route through downtown Dallas passed the Texas School Book Depository.1 It was here where three shots were fired in their direction.2 The initial bullet struck the president in the neck.3 President Kennedy was shot in the back of the head with the third and final bullet and was taken to Parkland Hospital where he was pronounced dead at 1:00 P.M.4 Three bullets were fired in the span of only six seconds.5 The face of the earth was altered in the span of only six seconds. A president had died in the span of only six seconds. These six seconds would live on forever, but has John F. Kennedy’s work as a politician? The failure†¦show more content†¦John F. Kennedy’s most recognized quality as president would arguably be his charisma. He carried a charm that only a few other presidents may have been able to match. Admittedly, to state that John F. Kennedy’s positive contributions as president begins and ends with his delightful and well documented personality would be an overstatement. His support was instrumental in the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which outlined protection for African Americans against discrimination.6 However, the passing of this bill could not outshine the many faults made by the Kennedy administration because the bill was improved and passed after his demise during the outpouring of sentiment toward the tragedy.7 John F. Kennedy’s presidential and personal life was tainted leaving nothing outstanding for his legacy, only a gap that was filled by his memorable death. His most prominent error during his presidency was the Bay of Pigs invasion. The relations between Cuba and the United States began to worsen due to Cuba siding itself with the Soviet Union, and for seizing property owned by North American shares.8 As a result, when John F. Kennedy stepped into office he was notif ied of a plot to overthrow Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro’s government.9 It was approved by Kennedy and carried out on April 17, 1961 at the Bay of Pigs in south-central Cuba.10 The U.S invasion force could not match up to Castro’s troops and the invasion failed nearly immediately.11 Kennedy and his

Ddos Prevention Best Practices Free Essays

To begin with, system hardening should be implemented on all University workstations, and especially the Web servers. This means turning off any unused services, closing all ports except those that are specifically needed for the operating roles of the servers, and ensuring that an anta;plus solution Is in place and regularly updated. Additionally, a strong patch management policy and procedure should be used to keep University computing assets up to date. We will write a custom essay sample on Ddos Prevention Best Practices or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is to help prevent the exploitation of newly discovered vulnerabilities, and is part of the hardening process. All publicly available services, such as Web facing servers, DNS servers, and application servers, should be separated from private university resources. The separation should include enclosing the public servers in a DMZ. The DMZ should have firewalls in place on both sides of the network, to protect from external threats, and Internal ones. This separation also Isolates the servers from the rest of the network, in the event one of them is compromised. Furthermore, PLANS should be implemented to break up broadcast domains, and IP subletting used to control outwork traffic, further isolating the public systems from the internal network devices. Also, A split DNS scheme that consists of an external DNS server separate from an Internal DNS server can help limit the Impact of DNS Dos style attacks. Network Address Translation (NAT) should remain in place, as it also has the effect of hiding the internal network from the Internet. Moreover, the blocking of IGMP or ping attempts should be blocked, at least externally, so that attempts to Identify systems from the Internet are reduced. As part of capacity planning, consideration should be made to plan for excess. This should help to absorb any Dodos attacks by having plenty of resources to maintain network operations. This Includes having more than adequate switch and router bandwidth, CAP]. And frame/packet processing ablest. Additional consideration should be made to use different Internet Service Providers (ISP) for redundant connections. In the event of an attack, this has the benefit of having alternate paths to the Internet, providing redundancy and load sharing. When upgrading or replacing network equipment, anta-DoS capable devices should be carefully evaluated and selected. Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems (DIPS) should be deployed, with the emphasis on prevention at the network perimeter. An inline device will be more effective placed behind the external facing firewall. The firewall is configured to allow only traffic that Is desired, blocking all other traffic, while the DIPS Is designed to block specific traffic and allow the rest. An DIPS device that uses both signature- 1 OFF positives, and therefore a better chance of detecting attacks. The DIPS device should be capable of sending alerts via email, SMS, and pager communication methods to Taft. The DIPS should also be configured to alter the firewall filtering rules on the fly, in the event an attack is occurring. A period of fine tuning is necessary to reduce false positives, and ensure information is not lost due to miscommunication. Ingress and egress filtering needs to be implemented. This involves configuring the firewalls to block unreliable IP addresses as specified in RFC 1918, using Access Control Lists (Calls). This will help prevent IP address spoofing, and computing assets from being used to attack other organizations outside the University IP address pace. Egress filtering should only allow IP addresses to leave the University that fall within the range of allocated addresses. Log monitoring and review of all network and server devices should be performed regularly. In addition, IT staff should be alerted when suspicious activity or events are detected. For instance, repeated failed attempts to access a network device might indicate a password hacking attack. Performance baselines of essential network and server equipment needs to be documented. This will provide a metric of network utilization under normal operating conditions. Excessive use of resources above equipment baselines might indicate a Dodos attack. Also, establishing a performance baseline will aid in capacity planning and provide data for scalability and growth planning. A honesty with relaxed security should be installed. Its purpose is to draw hackers away from actual University computing assets by providing an easier target. It needs to be completely isolated from all other critical assets. The honesty should also be monitored, as data obtained from attacks can be used to shore up the rest of the network. An Incident Response Plan (RIP) needs to be drafted and provided to all University administrative staff. Potential items in the plan should include Points of Contacts (POCK), and handling procedures if an attack is suspected. In conjunction with the RIP, an Emergency Response Team (RET) comprised of senior network and information security personnel, as well as members of the management team, should formalized. This team will be tasked with the responsibility as first responders to an attack. The RET should also have a Plan of Action (POP) more detailed than the RIP. Items in this Lana should include detailed network documentation, disaster recovery plans, any business continuity plans, ISP support numbers, etc. The combined effect of all of the measures previously described, will significantly lessen the impact of a Dodos attack. By no means is this document complete, and should be considered as a living document. As new threats emerge, additional or even different methods may be required to be put in place. Technology also improves over time, therefore a periodic review of the practices described should be conducted, and this document adjusted accordingly. How to cite Ddos Prevention Best Practices, Papers

The theme of exile in Ahmed Essops story The Hajji

In his short story The Hajji Ahmed Essop explores the destructive impact of the apartheid policies on individuals and families. This literary work shows that at the time of social upheavals, a person may either decide to go into exile or be forced into exile by others. Very often such a decision can undermine the ethical integrity of a person. In many cases, people can become alienated or even hostile to one another.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The theme of exile in Ahmed Essop’s story The Hajji specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is the main problem that should be discussed in this paper. The author examines this problem by looking at the relations of two brothers Hajji and Karim who have long been separated from each other. Ahmed Essop succeeds in demonstrating that forced exile inevitably harms the emotional life of a person. On the one hand, he/she can be humiliated by others. This person can als o become detached from his family and community. More importantly, people, who are separated by the state, can blame each other for betrayal. These are the main issues that are explored in this novella. Overall, Ahmed Essop’s short story is worth attention because it reflects the experiences of many people who lived in South Africa at the time of apartheid and who were affected by this policy. The author attracts the readers’ attention to the point that Hajji and Karim no longer maintain meaningful relations with each other. Hajji does not know much about the life of his brother, and he does not wish to see him. It should be noted that Karim was able to â€Å"cross the color line†; in other words, he was able to settle in the area in which only white people were allowed to live (Essop 190). The thing is that he had a lighter skin and he was not viewed as non-white by governmental officials. Thus, he was placed in a more advantageous position by the state. Furthe rmore, one can even tell that Karim chose to leave the community and family to which he belonged. To some degree, he chose to go into exile, but it is difficult to blame him for this decision, because this character only tried to achieve prosperity. Such a desire is quite understandable. In his turn, Hajji believes that in this way, his brother â€Å"severed his family ties† (Essop 190). This is why he did not want to see his brother. One should also speak about Hajjiand his emotional life. It should first be noted that he was forced to live in those areas where only black people were allowed to settle. The author describes the humiliation experienced by this person. In particular, the writer focuses on his encounter with white people in Hillbrow who treat him as inferior. This is why Hajji asks a question, â€Å"Was there anything so vile in him that the youths found it necessary to maul that recess of self-respect within him?† (Essop 191). This example demonstrates t hat this person was excluded from the country in which he was born only because the color of his skin was different.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To some extent, it can be called a forced exile because he was not permitted to live in the privileged parts of the country. Such a requirement is a form of exile. More importantly, Hajjiis keenly aware of the fact that he was denied his right to humanity. Thus, one can argue that both Hajji and Karim were forced to live in exile, and their relations were destroyed. This is the central theme explored by Ahmed Essop. Additionally, the writer describes a situation when two brothers were separated by a barrier created by the state. For Hajji it is extremely difficult to overcome this barrier because in his opinion, his brother betrayed him. Furthermore, in Hajji believes, he chose to live with in the community in which black peop le were treated as inferior. Ahmed Essop eloquently illustrates this barrier by showing that Hajji cannot even express his compassion toward his dying brother. Hajji feels pity and regret at the same time and this feeling is self-destructive. This is the main tragedy of this family because the main characters did not act immorally; instead they had to reconcile their loyalty to ones family and the need for wellbeing. The most important thing is that this disruption of family ties was experienced by many individuals, especially those people who were judged according to the color of their skin. Overall, Ahmed Essop emphasizes the idea that a person cannot be fully detached from his/her community and family because his life may lack meaning. This is the main reason why Karim wants to be buried in Newtown, rather than Hilbrow. In the last scene of the short story, the author describes Karim’s funeral, and other people mourn for him, even though he did not live with them for a ver y long time. One should take into account that for a long time Karim has lived among people who did not share his religion. This character has long been separated from his roots. Unfortunately, Hajjifails to understand his brother because he is blinded by his memory of humiliation. Moreover, he feels envy for Karim because he was not victimized by the state or other people due to the color of his skin. This is the most disruptive impact of the apartheid policies. It created a wall between the brothers and made people alienated from each other. Karim decides to be buried in Newtown because this is the place where his relatives live. Yet, his brother cannot accept him. In the end, Hajji realizes that he was unjust to Karim, but it is too late for him to apologize. Again, the readers of the short story should take into account that these people were not separated by the state. In many cases, people were compelled to choose between their loyalty to their family and community and their w illingness to achieve success and prosperity. At the same time, a great number of people were denied their humanity as it was the case with Hajji. As a result, brothers failed to reestablish their relations. This is the main consequences of exile and separation that they experienced.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The theme of exile in Ahmed Essop’s story The Hajji specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These examples suggest that the theme of exile plays an important role in Ahmed Essop’s short story. The main tragedy is that the state forced people to live in exile, even though they did not leave their own country. Ahmed Essop shows how families ties can be disrupted from outside, and people can take the decisions that they may later regret. Moreover, the author’s narrative demonstrates that exile can make individuals hostile to one another, even though this hostility is not justified in any wa y. Works Cited Essop, Ahmed. â€Å"The Hajji† The Heinemann Book of South African Short Stories. Ed. Denis Hirson and Martin Trump. New York: Heinemann, 1994. 189-202. Print. This essay on The theme of exile in Ahmed Essop’s story The Hajji was written and submitted by user Addisyn T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Frederick Douglass Quotes on Womens Rights

Frederick Douglass Quotes on Womens Rights Frederick Douglass was an American abolitionist and former slave, and one of the most famous 19th-century orators and lecturers. He was present at the Seneca Falls Womens Rights Convention of 1848 and advocated for womens rights along with abolition and the rights of African Americans. Douglass last speech was to the National Council of Women in 1895; he died of a heart attack suffered the evening of the speech. Selected Frederick Douglass Quotations [Masthead of his newspaper, North Star, founded 1847] Right is of no sex - Truth is of no color - God is the Father of us all, and we are all Brethren. When the true history of the antislavery cause shall be written, women will occupy a large space in its pages, for the cause of the slave has been peculiarly womans cause. [Life and Times of Frederick Douglass,1881] Observing womans agency, devotion and efficiency in pleading the cause of the slave, gratitude for this high service early moved me to give favorable attention to the subject of what is called womans rights and caused me to be denominated a womans rights man. I am glad to say I have never been ashamed to be thus designated. [Life and Times of Frederick Douglass,1881] [A] woman should have every honorable motive to exertion which is enjoyed by man, to the full extent of her capacities and endowments. The case is too plain for argument. Nature has given woman the same powers, and subjected her to the same earth, breathes the same air, subsists on the same food, physical, moral, mental and spiritual. She has, therefore, an equal right with man, in all efforts to obtain and maintain a perfect existence. Woman should have justice as well as praise, and if she is to dispense with either, she can better afford to part with the latter than the former. Woman, however, like the colored man, will never be taken by her brother and lifted to a position. What she desires, she must fight for. We hold woman to be justly entitled to all we claim for man. We go farther, and express our conviction that all political rights which it is expedient for man to exercise, it is equally so for women. [At the 1848 Womens Rights Convention at Seneca Falls, according to Stanton et al in [History of Woman Suffrage] A discussion of the rights of animals would be regarded with far more complacency by many of what are called the wise and the good of our land, than would be a discussion of the rights of woman. [From an 1848 article in the North Star about the Seneca Falls Womens Rights Convention and its reception by the general public] Should the females of New York be placed on a level of equality with males before the law? If so, let us petition for this impartial justice for women. In order to insure this equal justice should the females of New York, like the males, have a voice in appointing the law makers and the law administrators? If so, let us petition for Womans Right to Suffrage. [1853] On putting a priority, after the Civil War, on votes for African Americans males before women in general] When women, because they are women, are dragged from their homes and hung upon lampposts; when their children are torn from their arms and their brains dashed upon the pavement;... then they will have the urgency to obtain the ballot. When I ran away from slavery, it was for myself; when I advocated emancipation, it was for my people; but when I stood up for the rights of women, self was out of the question, and I found a little nobility in the act. [About Harriet Tubman] Much that you have done would seem improbable to those who do not know you as I know you. Quote collection assembled by Jone Johnson Lewis.

Top 6 Environmental Issues

Top 6 Environmental Issues Since around the 1970s, we have made great progress on the environmental front. Federal and state laws have led to greatly reduced air and water pollution. The Endangered Species Act has had notable successes protecting our most threatened biodiversity. Much work has to be done, however, and below is my list of the top environmental issues we are facing now in the United States. Climate Change While climate change has effects that vary by location, everyone is feeling it one way or another. Most ecosystems can probably adjust to climate change up to a point, but other stressors (like the other issues mentioned here) limit this adaptation ability, especially in places that have lost a number of species already. Particularly sensitive are mountain tops, prairie potholes, the Arctic, and coral reefs. I argue that climate change is the number one issue right now, as we all feel the more frequent extreme weather events, the earlier spring, melting ice, and rising seas. These changes will continue to get stronger, negatively affecting the ecosystems we and the rest of biodiversity rely on. Land Use Natural spaces provide habitat for wildlife, space for forests to produce oxygen, and wetlands to clean our freshwater. It allows us to hike, climb, hunt, fish, and camp. Natural spaces are also a finite resource. We continue to use land inefficiently, turning natural spaces into corn fields, natural gas fields, wind farms, roads, and subdivisions. Inappropriate or nonexistent land use planning continues to result in suburban sprawl supporting low-density housing. These changes in land use fragment the landscape, squeeze out wildlife, put valuable property right into wildfire-prone areas, and upset atmospheric carbon budgets. Energy Extraction and Transportation New technologies, higher energy prices, and a permissive regulatory environment have allowed in recent years for a significant expansion of energy development in North America. The development of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing has created a boom in natural gas extraction in the northeast, particularly in the Marcellus and Utica shale deposits. This new expertise in shale drilling is also applied to shale oil reserves, for example in the Bakken formation of North Dakota. Similarly, tar sands in Canada have been exploited at much accelerated rates in the last decade. All these fossil fuels have to be transported to refineries and markets through pipelines and over roads and rails. The extraction and transportation of fossil fuels imply environmental risks such as groundwater pollution, spills, and greenhouse gas emissions. The drill pads, pipelines, and mines fragment the landscape (see Land Use above), cutting up wildlife habitat. Renewable energies like wind and solar a re also booming and they have their own environmental issues, particularly when it comes to positioning these structures on the landscape. Improper placement can lead to significant mortality events for bats and birds, for example.   Ã‚   Chemical Pollution A very large number of synthetic chemicals enter our air, soil, and waterways. Major contributors are agriculture byproducts, industrial operations, and household chemicals. We know very little about the effects of thousands of these chemicals, let alone about their interactions. Of particular concern are endocrine disruptors. These chemicals come in a wide variety of sources, including pesticides, the breakdown of plastics, fire retardants. Endocrine disruptors interact with the endocrine system that regulates hormones in animals, including humans, causing a wide array of reproductive and developmental effects. Invasive Species Plant or animal species introduced to a new area are called non-native, or exotic, and when they rapidly colonize new areas, they are considered invasive. The prevalence of invasive species is correlated with our global trading activities: to more we move cargo across the oceans, and we ourselves travel overseas, the more we carry back unwanted hitchhikers. From the multitude of plants and animals we bring over, many become invasive. Some can transform our forests (for example, the Asian longhorned beetle), or destroy urban trees that have been cooling our cities in the summer (like the emerald ash borer). The spiny water fleas, zebra mussels, Eurasian water-milfoil, and Asian carp disrupt our freshwater ecosystems, and countless weeds cost us billions in lost agricultural production. Environmental Justice While this one is not an environmental issue in itself, environmental justice dictates who feels these issues the most. Environmental justice is concerned with providing everyone, regardless of race, origin, or income, the ability to enjoy a healthy environment. We have a long history of unequal distribution of the burden posed by deteriorating environmental conditions. For a multitude of reasons, some groups are more likely than others to be in close proximity to a waste disposal facility, breathe polluted air, or be living on contaminated soil. In addition, fines levied for environmental law violations tend to be much less severe when the injured party is from minority groups. Follow Dr. Beaudry: Pinterest | Facebook |  Newsletter | Twitter | Google

Multi agency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Multi agency - Essay Example The studies try to create a link between multi-profession and terms such as multi-disciplinary, multi-agency, inter-professional, inter-agency, and working together. A detailed analysis by Bach concluded that multi-professionalism deals with a wider group, where as inter-professionalism deals with two professional groups working together (Bach , 2011). Another study by Walshe defined multi-professionalism as a practice that involves professional groups, but does not include collaboration(Walshe, 2006). For instance, doctors may agree with a patient on an intervention, but each doctor works separately to provide the intervention agreed. Bach argues that multi-professionalism is working across boundaries to meet the customers’ needs (Bach 2009). The term multi-agency is very common in social care settings. Multi-agency describes multi-professionalism with involvement of services such as education, housing, and housing workers all working together to provide services for an individual. However, the service receiver and provider will also be part of multi-agency work, and studies call this partnering working(Alder, 2011). From the above discussions, it is evident there are a number of terms that define multi-professional working. However, all the terms mean the same thing. The term multi-professional working is often used in literatures because the most important elements of multi-professional practice activity are collaboration and teamwork, which are crucial in delivering services(Alder, 2011). There are many factors that influence the growth of multi-profession practice. The paper will cover various drivers for multi-professional practice. The most influential driver is the government because it allocates the funds that make multi-profession practices policies happen. There are reasons why people work together Most government policies always protect the vulnerable people. There is

WEAK ANTHROPOCENTRIC INTRINSIC VALUE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

WEAK ANTHROPOCENTRIC INTRINSIC VALUE - Essay Example vation made by Hargrove, the subject of discussion that he appears to have failed in, is disputing the concept of subjectivist nonanthropocentric intrinsic value. The theory of subjective nonathropocentric value theory, as presented by J. Baird Callicott observes that nature has no value of its own, unless it is given to it by human beings, since values depend entirely on human judgment (Hargrove, 194). While Hargrove tends to dispute this argument by arguing that nature has its intrinsic value, there is a reason to disagree with his argument, since without the judgment conferred upon nature by human beings to determine its value, there is no way that nature on its own can possess value. In disputing Hargrove’s argument against subjective nonathropocentric value theory, I contend with J. Baird Callicott, that something becomes valuable only because somebody values it (Hargrove, 195). It is apparent that all value depends on the subjective feelings of human observers, and that value will hardly exist in nature, unless it is given to it by human value judgment (Hargrove,

Bloom Syndrome: Features, Inheritance and Biochemistry

Bloom Syndrome: Features, Inheritance and Biochemistry Discuss the inheritance, molecular and biochemical defects underlying the clinical features associated with Bloom syndrome Introduction First described by David Bloom in 1954, Bloom syndrome (BS) is an autosomal recessive genetic condition resulting in widespread genomic instability and a subsequent predisposition to the development of cancer (Cunniff, 2017). BS is an example of a chromosome breakage syndrome, characterised by defective DNA metabolism and genetic repair mechanisms (Duker, 2002). Effecting less than 300 people worldwide, symptoms include abnormally small size and noticeable redness of the cheeks and nose. People with BS also experience impaired immune system function, reduced fertility and decreased intellectual ability in some cases (Cunniff, 2017). Over a third of the patients in the Bloom syndrome registry descend from Ashkenazi Jewish ethnic lineages (Sanz, 2006). The underlying genetic landscape of BS is complex and not yet fully understood. This essay will discuss clinical symptoms, molecular aetiology, functional consequences, methods of diagnosis and current treatment options for BS. Molecular and transmission genetics As BS is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion, each parent of an affected individual must carry one copy of the recessive gene even if they themselves do not have BS. In cases where both parents are carriers, there is a 25% chance that their offspring will have the condition, a 50% chance that they will be carriers and a 25% chance that they will not have the condition nor be carriers (Sanz, 2006). BS is known to affect both sexes equally and is common among children resulting from parental consanguinity (German, 2007). As there are so few cases, it is difficult to calculate a specific overall incidence rate (Tikoo, 2010). The gene underlying the pathology of BS, BLM, was mapped to the locus 15q26.1 by German et al (1994) and is currently the only gene known to cause BS (Cunniff, 2017). It encodes for the RECQL3 protein (also known as BLM), a DNA helicase important in a number of processes relating to DNA repair and replication. There are other conditions caused by defects in the RECQ family of proteins including Werner Syndrome (WS) and Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS) (Duker, 2002). The specific genes involved play unique and distinct roles in the maintenance of genomic integrity, making these conditions distinct from BS. For instance, premature aging is commonly observed in WS and a hallmark facial rash is observed in RTS (Larizza, 2010). BLM has a huge role in maintaining genomic integrity. Reviewed by Cunniff et al (2017), it participates in several pathways related to the DNA damage response (Figure 1). Described in figure 1 as the hero of the story, BLM is instrumental in processing DNA replication intermediates. Some of its duties include recruiting RAD51 and RPA to sites of stalled replication to prevent premature recombination, helping to dissolve double Holliday junctions to limit DNA crossover formation and separating tangled strands that might otherwise lead to errors in recombination. Consequently, BLM mutation can be catastrophic to the cell. Â   Â   Molecular biology and nature of mutations There have been over 60 mutations of the BLM gene identified that are known to cause BS. The most common, BLMAsh, has a carrier frequency of 1 in 110 in the Ashkenazi Jewish population and is unique to patients with this ethnic background (Cunniff, 2017). Ellis et al (1995) performed a mutation analysis of 13 unrelated patients with BS, identifying ten mutations, seven of which were unique. They suggested that the absence of wild-type BLM in turn affects the activity of other DNA repair enzymes, creating a cascade effect. A 2007 report identified 49 BLM mutations that had not been previously described and represents the most comprehensive study of this kind to date in BS (German, 2007). Nineteen of these mutations were found to recur throughout the population of people with BS. There were also several BLM mutations identified that were unique to just one individual, suggesting that there may still be more as yet unidentified BS-causing BLM mutations. Additionally, in nine of the people studied, no BLM mutation could be detected, highlighting the possibility of BS-causing mutations in genes other than BLM. This study also found that people from similar ethnic backgrounds harbouring the recurrent BLM mutations likely inherited them from a common ancestor or founder. The identified mutations included substitutions, deletions and insertions. The most prominent functional consequence was premature translation termination, resulting in incomplete protein product. Amino acid substitution leading to missense mutation was cited as perhaps the most important identified, given that these generally occurred within the DNA helicase region of the gene that is essential for enzymatic activity. Studies have suggested that heterozygotes with only one pathogenic BLM variant may also be at increased risk of developing cancer while exhibiting no other BS symptoms (Cunniff, 2017). Molecular defects and consequences Cells with mutated BLM are unable to perform double-strand break (DSB) repair and this is a key driver behind the hyper-mutational capability of BS cells (Langland, 2002). Chromosomal mutations also occur at high frequency in BS cells and there is vastly increased chromatid exchange leading to profound genetic instability. These cumulative abnormalities mean BS cells are among the most hyper-mutated known (German, 2007). As a result, people with BS experience a markedly higher incidence of cancer, of any type and often at a young age (Cunniff, 2017). Tikoo et al (2010) suggest that BLM mutation may be central to the common master regulatory step that precedes neoplastic transformation in all cancers. A process known as sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) also occurs at a higher than normal rate in BS cells. During DNA replication, each chromosome becomes two identical sister chromatids that are joined with one another. SCE is when sister chromatids break and recombine with each other, allowing exchange of genetic material between the two. A hallmark characteristic of BS cells is a 10x higher frequency of SCE events than normal cells; this allows BS to be distinguished from other similar conditions during diagnosis (Amor-Gueret, 2006; Sanz, 2006). A higher frequency of SCE is indicative of higher rates of mitosis and is a result of abnormal DNA repair attribute to mutated BLM. In the normal cell, BLM is recruited to DSBs on replication forks these are structures facilitating the synthesis of new DNA prior to cell division. A primary function of BLM is to remove the blockage caused by a DSB to prevent premature recombination (Amor-Gueret, 2006). This is crucial in helping to suppress tumorigenesis and BLM has been shown to be indispensable for this process, even though there are alternative mechanisms available to the cell involving different proteins e.g. GEN1 and MUS81 (Arora, 2014). Such widespread genetic instability would normally trigger affected cells to undergo apoptosis. However, Amor-Gueret et al (2006) suggest that BS cells with BLM mutations are able to evade this mechanism by entering into alternative recombination pathways that allow them to progress through the cell cycle even in a hyper-mutated state. Diagnosisgenetic testing/treatment It has been suggested that analysis of BLM protein by immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analysis may be useful in screening for BS, however mutational analysis is required for a concrete diagnosis (Morimoto, 2002). Mutational analysis and genetic testing are important for at-risk couples who are planning to start a family. BS can be diagnosed by the identification of biallelic mutational variants of the BLM gene. However, should this test prove inconclusive; quantifying the frequency of SCE can be used as a further diagnostic tool. BS is the only condition that exhibits this hyper-recombinability phenotype, and so such a test can provide a definitive answer (Sanz, 2006). Because BS is so rare there, is as yet no effective treatment. People with BS should limit their exposure to UV light and should have any infections treated aggressively with antibiotics. Physicians must be mindful of the increased cancer risk and be scrupulous when any potential signs of cancer arise. Frequent screening has also been advised, particularly for colorectal cancer (Arora, 2014). An important consideration when people with BS do develop cancer is how to treat it. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can increase the likelihood of secondary tumors such as lymphomas, and should be avoided where possible. Conclusion BS is an extremely rare condition affecting fewer than 300 people worldwide, with a notable prevalence among the Ashkenazi Jewish community. As there is no effective treatment for the condition, patients and physicians alike must be vigilant and take preventative steps to minimise the risk of developing malignancy. Genetic counselling may also be of benefit to affected individuals for educational purposes and to inform their decision-making if they are considering having children (Cunniff, 2017). In addition to BLM mutational analysis, knowledge of BLM posttranslational modifications and how they might affect protein function is likely to be an important area of research going forward (Tikoo, 2010). Furthermore, as German et al (2007) identified patients with BS but no BLM mutations, the possibility of heterogeneity underlying BS must be further explored through the use of genome sequencing. Future treatments ought to focus on restoring the proper functioning of BLM, or on inhibition of excessive recombination. References Amor-Gueret, M., (2006) Bloom syndrome, genomic instability and cancer: the SOS-like hypothesis. Cancer Letters, 236(1), pp.1-12. Arora, H., Chacon, AH., Choudhary, S., McLeod, MP., et al., (2014) Bloom syndrome. International Journal of Dermatology, 53(7), pp.798-802. Cunniff, C., Bassetti, JA., Ellis, NA,. (2017) Blooms Syndrome: Clinical Spectrum, Molecular Pathogenesis, and Cancer Predisposition. Molecular Syndromology, 8(1), pp.4-23. Duker, NJ., (2002) Chromosome breakage syndromes and cancer. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 115(3), 125-9. Ellis, NA., Groden, J., Ye, TZ., Straughen, J., et al., (1995) The Blooms syndrome gene product is homologous to RecQ helicases. Cell, 83(4), pp.655-666. German, J., Roe, AM., Leppert, MF., Ellis, NA., (1994) Bloom syndrome: an analysis of consanguineous families assigns the locus mutated to chromosome band 15q26.1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 91(14), pp.6669-6673. German, J., Sanz, MM., Ciocci, S., Ye, TZ., et al., (2007) Syndrome-Causing Mutations of the BLM Gene in Persons in the Blooms Syndrome Registry. Human Mutation, 28(8), pp.743-753. Langland, G., Elliott, J., Li, Y., Creaney, J., et al., (2002) The BLM Helicase Is Necessary for Normal DNA Double-Strand Break Repair. Cancer Research, 62(10), pp.2766-2770. Larizza, L., Roversi, G., Volpi, L., (2010) Rothmund-Thomson syndrome. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-5-2. Morimoto, W., Kaneko, H., Isoqai, K., Kasahara, K., et al., (2002) Expression of BLM (the causative gene for Bloom syndrome) and screening of Bloom syndrome. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 10(1), pp. 95-9. Sanz, MM., German, J., Cunniff, C., (2006) Blooms syndrome, n.p. Tikoo, S., Senqupta, S., (2010) Time to bloom. Genome Integrity, doi: 10.1186/2041-9414-1-14. Health and Safety Policies in Schools: An Example Health and Safety Policies in Schools: An Example Describe how current health and safety legislation, policies and procedures are implemented in the setting. Describe how health and safety is monitored and maintained in the setting Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow, The important thing is not to stop questioning - Albert Einstein. This famous quote by Albert Einstein is very true and relevant especially when it comes to Health and Safety. The education establishment in the UK has a very strong emphasis and objective on the Health Safety Work Act (HSWA) 1974. Our whole education system revolves around this act efficiently and effectively. This act governs the HS policies and procedures for any working environment. The HWSA outlines basic and generic duties between employers/employees based on common sense principles in the form of a written Health Safety policy This act was amended in 1999 and further emphasised on what employers should do to manage HS and minimise risk. How employees can facilitate the HSWA and incorporate in their own practical working environment. The important points to consider for all employers and employees are as follows:- Have a written Health and Safety Policy in the working environment. Employers should carry a risk assessment as and when required. Employers should set up emergency policies and procedures at all levels. Employers should provide necessary training and procedures to all employees. Employers should implement the recommendations from the risk assessment. Employees should take reasonable care or the HS of themselves and others. Employees should carry assigned tasks and duties safely in accordance with the law Employees should use correct reporting policies and procedures. If in doubt, of their health or someone else reports it to their line manager/supervisor. Like Albert Einstein, we need to think and never stop questioning our safety and consider others safety and promote the wellbeing of all concerned. In my school, the health and safety policies are used effectively in various ways. The school has approximately 43 Health Policy published on their website https://molescroftprimaryschool.wordpress.com/health-and-safety-policies/ These policies have been adopted from the LA. The school promotes a culture of positive, effective working and learning environment for all staff students and visitors in the school. The school takes its Health and Safety policies and procedures very seriously; under the governing body and the local authoritys guidance, Mr Loncaster is responsible for implementing the schools as well as the corporate directorate HS policies and procedures. All Health Safety procedures are conducted termly. In my school, rigorous training of Health Safety Policy is provided to all members of staff who have different roles and responsibilities of; Fire, Child Protection and First Aid The school does an enhanced DBS for all staff and volunteers who come in contact with the school children. The school requires all potential employees/volunteers to have an induction, prior commencing to work. The induction covers all aspect of HS policies. Appropriate Induction booklet, Keeping Children Safe in Education, ERSCB Safe School, Safe Children, Safe Staff code of conduct are handed to all as part of their induction training. After the induction, volunteers are expected to sign that they have understood the HS Schools policy in the presence of the trainer. The induction is done by the head teacher or one of the Assistant Head Teacher. In addition, all visitors to the school must sign and obtain a badge which permits their valid entry in the school. Signing the register also means that they have r ead and understood the safeguarding statements. The school admin is responsible for checking the visitors and maintaining their records. The school also contains various other HS policies such as building, ground, Adventure playground, E-policy. Often school sends letters to parents via email about E-safety for parents and children. The PE policy covers all equipment/apparatus used in the school, should be checked by their respective coordinators or teachers before used by children in the school. Children use this equipment under the supervision of their teachers. Appropriate footwear, clothing is rigorously checked to ensure the safety of children during their PE lessons. The school caretaker also checks specific play area and Adventure playground daily; daily record sheet is maintained in the school. All electricals used in the classroom/school are stored away. Second-hand objects are prohibited to use in the school. All electrical equipment is PAT tested by the caretaker annually or as and when needed. Records of these test are monitored in HS Report. Our school also covers First Aid policies by providing green posters (written procedures) of First Aid provision information and instruction on all main corridors in case of emergency; these consist of, list of first aider and their contact details according to year groups The school has first aid boxes in all the cloak room; these are checked by lunchtime supervisors who are responsible for first aid. The school has also fire alarms, 3 different types of extinguishers, (foam,co2 and water). There is a comprehensive site survey every term, this includes COSHH records, First aid provision, review of Risk Assessments, fire and safety drills. All staff are required to carry out assigned task and duties safely in accordance with instructions, methods and procedures safely coordinating with their supervisors. Another example of health and safety monitored in our school is by providing sanitised hand gels in all classrooms; children should not leave their classroom unnecessarily. Children use the hand gels after their science experiment or any other class activities to stop spreading germs and viruses which may spread infections. All responsible adults working with children monitor the check and use of this policy. The school strongly believes that children must be able to take responsibility and therefore Safeguarding is also incorporated into their curriculum by 2different ways The school teaches Heath Education, Citizenship, Personal, Social. Themes such as Sex Relationship, Drugs Stranger Danger. Secondly, safety concerning; correct equipment and Risk Assessment plan for PE, specific policy for DT, Finally, the school has also water tight safeguarding policies. There are 22 safeguarding policies published in the public domain https://molescroftprimaryschool.wordpress.com/safeguarding-policies/ The school main gates are secured between 9.30am and 3.00pm and entry is only available via main reception area. Once access inside the main school, the doors are automatically sealed internally. On all the doors there are signs indicating that access to the school is by the school reception even if it starts/end of the day. The school is surrounded by a mixture of fencing. Before the start/end of the day, the car park is secured and locked to avoid accidents or use it as a shortcut route to the main reception area. There is a lollipop man patrolling at the start and end of the day outside the school to prevent accidents. Describe how people in the setting are made aware of risks and hazards and encouraged to work safely Parents need to share their childrens medical condition with the school. They need to sign a Health Safety checklist form confirming the information is true. The school stores this information in the schools central office which is maintained by the admin staff. In addition, a brown envelope, containing confidential medical information is available to the class teacher along with the class register and pupil photograph. Medicines are checked, stored away in the designated cabinets in the staff room. They are locked and out of reach of children. All staff are made aware of accessing the keys if needed. Medicines are only administered if prior agreed with the headteacher, Mr Loncaster. Responsible children can administer their own medication. The school holds accountability to any incidents/accidents or unforeseen circumstances to inform parents. The school also is responsible for carrying out extra copies of pupils medical needs for any external educational visit. Collection of pupils: In my school collection of the pupil are ensured for KS1 and Foundation stage by teachers visually identifying parents/carers before letting them go. Occasionally, if a parent is unavailable to collect their child, then they have to ring the school office to notify. The school office passes on this information to the relevant class teacher and simultaneously the teacher writes this information on the board and also lets the child know if there is any change of collection of time/person. vulnerable children are collected by parents/carers on the right day would be subject to, on a confidential basis between the LA, MR Britton, (CPC), and the head teacher Mr Loncaster coordinated by the childrens specific class teacher/TA. The presence of dangerous substances: No one is allowed to bring any substance such as liquid, powder, gels or potions in the school premises without a COSHH Risk Assessment done in advance. A COSHH form must be obtained from the relevant manufacturer/supplier. A detailed COSHH sheet of information and records are maintained in every classroom, where the relevant materials are used and can be accessed easily by any member of staff, A log is kept in the recording sheet which is checked and dated by the caretaker along with the head teacher. All classrooms have Risk Assessment for COSHH checklist sheet posters. These are checked by the class teacher and the TA and ticked off on weekly basis. If a child is found with any kind of medication, then he/she will be taken immediately to the First Aid point and subsequently highlighted to the HS Officer as well as the Head Teacher. Trip/slip: Hazards are notified to all by WET floor signs. Senior members are notified by emails, and the class teacher shares this information with us if it is relevant to us when we are at school. All classrooms have Risk Assessment for trip/hazard checklist sheet posters. These are completed and ticked off on weekly basis. All hazard should be reported to the class teacher or senior management or should be made hazard free if possible in line with the HS policy. If senior members of staff have discovered any hazard or accidental spillage, then its their responsibility to resolve it. This effectively means either informing a caretaker, cleaners. The hazard would be highlighted to the caretaker and assess the risk and if needed act on it. A near miss form would be then completed by the caretaker. Safety or otherwise electrical equipment: Log register is available in all the classroom of electrical safety checks done by the school caretaker every term. The authorities do a formal PAT test, once every 2 years on all electrical equipment; plugs have an up to date PAT test sticker with the date. All classrooms have Risk Assessment electrical safety checklist sheet posters. The checklist also indicates what needs to be done to minimise any accidents happening These checklists are completed by the teachers and the TA and ticked off on weekly basis by the class teacher. Any volunteers/TAs responsibility to let the teacher know if stickers are not on the equipment unless they are a year old. The school follows strict guidelines by The Electricity Work Code of practice/Electricity at Work. Dangers of internet/social networking (staff /pupils): Posters for working safely on the internet is available in all the classrooms. A Clear policy for working safely is also available in the induction pack for staff and volunteers. All classrooms have Risk Assessment checklist sheet posters. These are completed and ticked off on weekly basis by TA and class teacher. Children are supervised when they are learning involving technology. Volunteers are made aware on the Induction of using social networking cautiously especially through emails, social media, or the internet If found compromising confidentiality, disciplinary actions will be taken. The school has published a detailed Acceptable Use Policy; use of Internet/computer specifically for staff and pupils in the school. Some general examples of school monitoring Health Safety: All staff /volunteers get an HS induction/training specific to their job title/role The staff and students hold the corridor and classroom doors to avoid physical injuries All visitors are made aware of fire evacuation process by posters at all main points. There is a fire alarm button indicated at all main exit points, if anyone discovers a fire in any part of the building then they should set the alarm off. A hand gel is available in all classrooms and corridors to avoid infection or virus. All staff toilets have posters and materials to clean bodily fluid and easy quick access to yellow V sign to make aware of slips/hazards. All relevant schools HS policies are easily accessible and are in the public domain. General Safety in school: Fire officer come in school once a year Local Authorities come in school to PAT test once in 2 years. Caretaker PAT test all electrical equipment termly and logs are maintained in relevant areas of the equipment. The site manager/caretaker checks the general safety of the school for eg. site checks, and security, indoor and outdoor of the school, school fencing, playground, Adventure Playground, weekly fire safety system checks, fire log book, including fire drill report, snow and path clearing, yellow line marking, building documentation/records/site maintenance manual. All employees have a responsibility to act immediately upon discovering or receiving a report of a workplace hazard; to rectify or otherwise make the situation safe All employees report all accidents and any unsafe practices or conditions to their Supervisor /line manager as we are all responsible for the safety of ours and other as well as children. Use appropriate tools/equipment in accordance to information/manual/training provided. All staff/volunteers should play a vital role in ensuring the schools cleanliness, tidiness, and maintain the highest hygiene. All staff/volunteers are encouraged to use the Whistleblowing Policy if they believe may compromise School, Local or National Policy and Law. Induction book also contains a phone no 01482394123 of the LA. My role as a Work Experience TA in Molescroft Primary School: As I have written in depth the Health and Safety monitoring policies and procedures in the school, I have a very similar responsibility as any other official staff of the school. Before I commenced to work, the school conducted an enhanced DBS check. Followed by the DBS, I was given an induction. Tour of the school was given by the Head Teacher Mr Loncaster, pointing out posters of emergency procedures such as First Aid, Fire, Fire assembly point. The induction was covered with detailed information on various policy, especially in depth of the Health Safety and the Safeguarding policy because I would be working with children in the classroom. An example from the point of safeguarding policy is I must not work with a lone child in the classroom with doors closed. I must not carry/move awkward objects in the school. I must challenge anyone who is not wearing a badge simultaneously If Im found inside the school premises without a badge, then I would also be challenged. Training was pro vided by using equipment in the school. As mentioned earlier that I have to take responsibility for understanding and implementing the schools HS policies I was made to sign the induction checklist that I have understood the schools policies and will strictly follow in the school. My schools Health and Safety is monitored by

Hamlet Second Soliloquy

In the last scene of act I Hamlet is told by the ghost that his father has been murdered by Uncle Claudius, the brother of the deceased king. Hamlet once mournful and grim turns revengeful, he promises the ghost to â€Å"sweep† to revenge. But he is tormented with doubts. The ghost has taken its toll on Hamlet but has not been convincing enough, he cannot fully trust it given that it might also be an evil spirit willing to make him change course, misleading him to murder an innocent man and be â€Å"damned† as Hamlet puts it in his words full of fear and anxiety.For such reasons Hamlet conceives a plan, he is going to wear a mask of madness, or put on ‘the antic disposition’, which Hamlet considers will make things easier for him: Hamlet under the mask of madness intends getting people talk more freely in his presence and thus he might easily find the truth about his uncle. But, far from working his plan turns to be counterproductive. Soon, Hamlet draws eve n more attention to himself, the royal court is intrigued by his strange behavior and King Claudius summons Hamlet’s school friends Rosencratz and Guildernstern asking them to go spy on him.Hamlet is suspicious of his own friends and soon conceives a new idea to trap his uncle: the reenactment of his father’s murder under the cover of a play called â€Å"The Murder of Gonzago†. In this particular soliloquy, which comes right after, the audience is waiting to see a more determined Hamlet ready to avenge his father’s murder: indeed it has been a while since Hamlet promised to act. Instead we are presented with an even more confused character, not only uncertain of the world surrounding him but also himself. Shakespeare through the soliloquy paints Hamlet’s character.Thus, the audience finds out that Hamlet is self-loathing -Hamlet’s opening words: expression of self-disgust: â€Å" O what a rogue and peasant slave am I! †, Hamletâ€℠¢s self-critic is obvious here, he reduces himself to the state of a slave. The Prince must really be mad at himself. Shakespeare’s choice of the word â€Å"slave† might signify Hamlet’s inaction, passiveness, just like a slave is chained to his master and incapable of acting against his will, so is Hamlet attached to the shackles of thought and meditation, which impede him from acting, acting freely. -The first layer’s acting has left Hamlet with a sense of amazement. How come the actor can get himself to cry for something that is imaginary, for â€Å"Hecuba†, dead thousands of years ago and Hamlet, who has real, true reasons to cry proves unable to express his anguish over the loss of his father and the incestuous remarriage of his mother: â€Å"can say nothing, – no not for a king†. -Hamlet suggests here that his inability to express himself is like a betrayal, for Hamlet seems to have forsaken his duty of avenging his father. He c alls himself â€Å"A dull and muddy-mettled rascal, peak Like John-a-dreams, unpregnant of my cause†.The choice of the adjective â€Å"dull† reminds the audience of what the ghost told him in Act I. If Hamlet didn’t take revenge the ghost said that he would be â€Å"duller than the fat weed/ That roots itself on Lethe wharf†. Hamlet seems to be accusing himself of not having the player's passion, of not hating Claudius strongly enough, of not loving his father strongly enough. Hamlet is mad at himself not because he hasn’t killed Claudius but because he hasn’t said anything. So Hamlet instead of plotting against Claudius dwells on himself.Another character trait is being developed by Shakespeare, one that the audience is very much familiar with since Hamlet’s first soliloquy where he extrapolates his own grief over Denmark, the world in general. It is Hamlet’s egocentric side. -Note the abounding number of personal pronouns (I, my, me) used by Hamlet in the soliloquy. It is as if the world revolved around him. When Hamlet shows the actor’s passion and enthusiasm about his role it is only to stress on his own lack of passion. It is as if the actor were a tool that Hamlet makes use of in order to urge himself into action. The soliloquy is presented as a dialogue between Hamlet and himself. The prince is willing to work himself into a state of passion, revengefulness: â€Å"Am I a coward? † The use of the future tense at the end of the soliloquy when Hamlet confirms his intentions concerning the mouse trap is also significant, in sense that Hamlet seems like convincing himself that he will finally do something, that he has a plan, he projects himself into the future trying to influence it â€Å"I’ll observe his looks, I’ll tent him to the quick (†¦) I’ll catch the conscience of the king.At some stage he seems to imagine someone insulting him, â€Å" Who calls me a vi llain, breaks my pate across, plucks off my beard and blows it in my face†. This helps building his rage which culminates when he remembers Claudius in the following lines†Bloody bawdy villain! Remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindless, villain! Oh, vengeance† Note the emotiveness of the passage, Hamlet breaks into an emotional climax; he is outraged at the simple thought of his father’s murderer.One could imagine him spitting these words out loud with his finger pointed at an imaginary Claudius accusing him of all of his crimes and ultimately stabbing him with an imaginary dagger with† vengeance† in his mind. -But, this is only an imaginary vengeance or Hamlet trying to rehearse in order to get himself in the mood. In the lines that follow Hamlet’s focus is again back on himself and how pathetic the whole buildup of passion has been† What an ass am I†.The prince thinks that it is not fit for him to curse himself, as he sou nd like a â€Å"whore† or a â€Å"drab† or a male whore â€Å" a scullion†. Hamlet here is putting on his misogynist character, he cannot tolerate women that in his opinion are all â€Å"whores†, like his beloved Ophelia who betrayed him, or his mother who betrayed his â€Å"dear† father. This negative vision, attitude toward women is consistent with Hamlet who in his first soliloquy has already made a sweeping condemnation of the latter â€Å"Frailty thy name is woman†. So the prince’s main target in this soliloquy is himself.He is concerned with questions related with whether he is a coward or not, whether he should act or continue â€Å" like a whore unpack my heart with words†. We could therefore ask ourselves what purposes this passage serves in the play apart from characterizing Hamlet. -It has little dramatic value given that there is no action. The tension is released, Hamlet is alone on stage meditating yet again and a part from the bits where he gets over agitated the tension in the passage is kept at the minimum. -The passage has also little value in terms of its contribution to the plot.The plot hardly advances in the soliloquy, the mouse trap idea that Hamlet comes up with at the end has been conceived earlier when he asked the first player to prepare for the Murder of Gonzago right before the soliloquy. -The passage therefore rather confirms the plot and serves as a means of delaying the Murder of Gonzago as well as the eventual Hamlet’s murder of Claudius. The mouse trap seems to be the first practical idea that Hamlet has ever had since the beginning of the play. It is a relatively reliable plan which would help him find out whether or not his uncle has anything to do with his father’s death.But the audience wonders if this is not simply another excuse for not acting. Indeed, if Hamlet really wanted to kill his uncle the soliloquy would be unnecessary. Hamlet’s characte r is pretty ambiguous. On the one hand he considers that his uncle is the most sinful person that has ever existed â€Å"Bloody bawdy villain, remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindles, villain†. On the other hand, this enumeration of adjectives that negatively qualify his uncle is counterbalanced by the fact that the ghost might also be a misleading â€Å"devil†, a possibility which Hamlet reconsiders at the end of the soliloquy.This uncertainty that revolves around Hamlet’s character brings us back to the central question of the soliloquy: is Hamlet a coward? Is he ever going to act? The later developments of the play reinforce the doubt. -It is also important to mention the theme of appearance versus reality that is embedded in the central figure of the soliloquy, that of the actor. For Hamlet the actor stands for â€Å"conceit†, or in other words deception, which Hamlet despises and is disgusted with. In this sense Uncle Claudius, the ultimate liar and deceiver of the play is certainly viewed by Hamlet as an actor as well.Ironically enough, in order to uncover the truth and show Claudius’ deceptive nature Hamlet resorts to deceit as well by conceiving the mouse trap. For Hamlet therefore deception is a way of revealing the truth, and he certainly views theater as a powerful tool capable not only of putting masks on but also dropping the others. But, what is more striking is Hamlet’s obsession with the idea that there is often a disconnect between what people appear to be and what they really are â€Å"is it not monstrous.. †.Note the mocking tone with which he relates to the actor’s job, one filled with admiration as well, given that Hamlet finds himself unable to do the same for his genuine reasons. In the case of his uncle, Hamlet has been told by the ghost that he is a serpent, but the ghost itself under his father’s outfit could also be the devil. Hamlet cannot trust anybody, especially not women who he associates with deception; he is disgusted with human nature â€Å"that one can smile and smile and be a villain†, which is again ironic when Hamlet realizes that in his world lies and deceit take a necessary part of the daily life.So the passage is the occasion for Shakespeare to further characterize Hamlet, to show his exacerbated feelings towards himself and those who deceive. Two of Hamlet’s character traits are confirmed in the passage: he is self-loathing and egocentric. Also, this passage explores one of the fundamental themes of the play: the theme of appearance versus reality. Also, Shakespeare through the figure of the actor, and the play within the play demonstrates and acclaims the powers of theater.

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Benefits of Raising a Bilingual Child Essay - 938 Words

Language is an important part of our lives. I remember when I arrived to USA I could speak a little English. I went to school to improve my language, reading and writing skills; even now I am learning my second language, without English I cannot survive in this new environment. Now I am raising my own kids and I want them to have this important skill, this privilege of knowing a second language, language of their parents and grandparents. By looking at studies of bilingual children, research shows how important it is for a child to learn a second language. Raising a bilingual child is a benefit because it improves social skills, academic proficiency, introduces child to a different culture, and prepares for the future. First benefit†¦show more content†¦As De Houwer summarizes, There is no scientific evidence to date that hearing two or more languages leads to delays or disorders in language acquisition. Many, many children throughout the world grow up with two or more lan guages from infancy without showing any signs of language delays or disorder (1999). Second benefit is improvement of social skills. Knowing a different language helps children to adapt easily to a new environment, increasing his/her self-esteem and self-confidence. How would you feel if someone asks you a question and you don’t understand? I know that feeling. Children feel more confident and secure and will never feel humiliated by not being able to communicate. Second language develops new friendships and new relationships. Last year, a new boy joined my son’s class. Later we found out that he was adapted from Russia. My son was able to communicate with him in Russian and right now they are friends. There was an important connection between boys – language that built the new friendship. Knowing another language puts a person in an advantage of carrier selection. In our extreme and fast moving environment, people who know more than one language have more em ployment opportunities. Many professional firms require knowledge of second language. And people who know a second language have a huge advantage over those who do not. Third benefit is introductionShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Raising A Bilingual Child2144 Words   |  9 PagesSociety has raised false beliefs or misinforms people when it comes to educating a bilingual child. People have a lack of information about language acquisition and how the brain is a powerful organ with the ability to learn multiple languages. Today s adults have different opinions when is time to make the decision if they should raise their children in a bilingual home or not, and at the end they do not know what to do. The advances in science have given us more information on early childhoodRead MoreThe Benefits of Bilingualism1605 Words   |  7 Pagespeople, known as bilinguals, are tainting their respective cultures by learning a different language and learning other cultures. As a result, thes e bilinguals end up being discriminated in their own native country. They become emotionally separated from their countrymen who can only speak their native tongue, creating a rift in their community. Many other issues similar to this have sprouted over the years. It is because they do not understand what it means to be bilingual and the benefits which theyRead MoreThe Benefits of Bilingualism1596 Words   |  7 Pagespeople, known as bilinguals, are tainting their respective cultures by learning a different language and learning other cultures. As a result, these bilinguals end up being discriminated in their own native country. They become emotionally separated from their countrymen who can only speak their native tongue, creating a rift in their community. Many other issues similar to this have sprouted over the years. It is because they do not understand what it means to be bilingual and the benefits which theyRead MoreLanguage Barriers for Non-Speaking Citizens1061 Words   |   5 Pagesimmigrants are raising their children without teaching them English, hoping that the school will do that job. The Washington Post recently reported that as many as two-thirds of the children in suburban Arlington County, Virginia, receiving language assistance from kindergarten through second-grade born in the United States to non-English-speaking parents who don’t read to them, talk to them, or provide them a background in any language. 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Although, Willowbrook is a dark time period for people with disabilities, the benefit of the exposure of Willowbrook is the accountability institutions had for their patients. Another important event was the Education for all Handicaped Children Act (EAHCA) 1975. EACHCA had specific outline of the education of students with disabilitiesRead MoreI Am A Student For All Intents And Purposes1465 Words   |  6 Pagesis correct in forcing her completely away from writing in a code switch manor manner or if this will hinder her growth in the long run. I also believe t hat although her move back to Denver was permanent that she still fits into this statement: A child is considered migrant if the parent or guardian is a migratory worker in the agricultural, dairy, lumber, of fishing industries and whose family has moved during the past three years. A qualifying move can range from moving across school district boundariesRead MoreBilingual Essay : The Bilingual Brain2068 Words   |  9 PagesThe Bilingual Brain The United States embraces a medley of numerous languages. From Arabic to German, many people in the U.S speak another language or have been taught another language during their academic careers. Furthermore, language immersion begins either in middle school or high school for the majority of students in the country. But many school districts wonder, â€Å"Should foreign languages should be introduced to students at a younger age?† Over the years, studies have shown that learning aRead More Teachers Options Essay1716 Words   |  7 PagesTeachers Options There are many options open to teachers of deaf children in a variety of situations. In teaching deaf and hard of hearing children there is such a wide range of children, each with their own abilities. Each child also has a different family situation to take into account. Some children come from deaf families, some they are the only deaf family member, and some have no support from their families because they are deaf. There are also students that have family members thatRead MoreShould Foreign Languages Be Introduced Students At A Younger Age?2109 Words   |  9 PagesIn addition, studies have shown that the bilingual brain possesses better cognitive skills than the monolingual brain. Moreover, some studies show that if students learned foreign languages at a younger age, it would benefit them even more. Therefore, should foreign languages be introduced to students at a younger age? After analyzing the scientific, cultural, academic, and artistic aspects of bilingualism at a you nger age, the benefits of being bilingual at a younger age aid students in the long